How this works
Two calculations in one tool. First, the age: we start from the normal access age (66y9m in 2026; 66y11m in 2027) and apply the reduction of 4 months per contribution year beyond 40, assuming you keep contributing until retirement. Then, the amount: we estimate the gross pension using the Decree-Law 187/2007 formula, with the average salary you enter standing in for the official reference earnings. Nothing is sent anywhere.
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The normal age rises almost every year
The normal pension age is set each year by ministerial order, based on life expectancy at 65 measured by the INE. In 2026 it is 66 years and 9 months (Portaria 358/2024/1) and in 2027 it rises to 66 years and 11 months (Portaria 476/2025/1). For retirements after 2027 no value has been set yet — we use the latest known one, knowing it will tend to rise.
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Your personal retirement age
If you reach 60 with more than 40 years of contributions you get a "personal access age": 4 months are subtracted from the normal age for each calendar year of career beyond 40 (Decree-Law 187/2007, as amended by 119/2018). With 44 years paid in, for example, the 2026 age drops from 66y9m to 65y5m. Since your career keeps growing while you work, we find the first month in which your age catches up with your personal age — never before 60.
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Going early costs 0.5% per month
Under the flexible-access regime you can claim from age 60 if by then you have 40 or more years of contributions. The pension is cut by 0.5% for each month remaining until your personal age. Under the new rules (40 years completed at 60) the sustainability factor does not apply; if you only complete 40 years later you fall under the old rules, with the cut counted to the normal age plus the sustainability factor (0.8237 in 2026, i.e. −17.63%).
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Very long careers: no penalty
Anyone aged 60 or over with 48 years of contributions — or 46, having started to contribute before turning 17 — can retire with no penalty at all: no monthly cut, no sustainability factor. The tool flags when this route opens an earlier date than your personal age.
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How we estimate the pension
Gross monthly pension = reference earnings × global formation rate. We simplify the reference earnings to the average gross salary you enter (the official figure uses your whole revalued career, up to the best 40 years). The rate is 2% per calendar year for careers up to 20 years; from 21 on it applies in slices of earnings in IAS multiples (€537.13 in 2026): 2.3% up to 1.1 IAS, 2.25% to 2 IAS, 2.2% to 4 IAS, 2.1% to 8 IAS and 2% above. The pension is paid 14 times a year.
Frequently asked
What is the retirement age in 2026? And 2027?
In 2026 the normal pension age is 66 years and 9 months; in 2027 it rises to 66 years and 11 months. It is set every year by ministerial order, following life expectancy at 65. Anyone with more than 40 years of contributions has a lower personal age: 4 months less per year beyond 40.
Can I retire at 60?
Only in three main situations. Under flexible access, if at 60 you already have 40 years of contributions — with a 0.5% cut per month taken before your personal age. Under the very-long-career route — 48 years paid in, or 46 if you started before 17 — with no penalty at all. Or under special regimes (arduous professions, long-term unemployment). Without 40 years of contributions, the general regime does not allow early retirement.
What is the sustainability factor?
It is an extra cut tied to life expectancy: in 2026 it is 0.8237, meaning 17.63% less pension. Today it mainly applies to pensions taken early through long-term unemployment and to those who go early without meeting the new rules (40 years of contributions completed at 60). It does not apply at the normal or personal age, to flexible access under the new rules, or to very long careers.
How is the pension really calculated — and what did we simplify?
The official formula multiplies the reference earnings by the global formation rate. The real reference earnings add up your whole career (up to the best 40 years), revalued by official coefficients, divided by 14 × years. Here we use the average salary you enter, in today’s money — that is the biggest simplification. Also, anyone registered with Social Security before 2002 has a blended formula (P1/P2) weighing the old rules, which can give a different value. Use the official simulator on Segurança Social Direta for the exact figure.
Is there a minimum pension?
Yes. In 2026 the minimums are €357.80 (15 to 20 years of contributions), €394.82 (21 to 30) and €493.52 (31 or more). If the formula gives less, Social Security tops the pension up to the minimum — but not for pensions taken early under flexible access, which lose the guarantee. Very-long-career early pensions keep it.
What if I work past retirement age?
The pension earns a bonus for each month worked past your personal age, up to 70: between 0.33% and 1% per month, depending on career length (1% with more than 40 years of contributions). The total pension cannot exceed 92% of your best reference earnings.
Do years I contributed in another country count?
For opening the entitlement, yes: periods in another EU/EEA country, Switzerland, the UK or a country with a bilateral agreement are added to the Portuguese ones to meet the 15-year qualifying period and access conditions (totalisation). Each country then pays its own share, in proportion to what you paid in there. This tool assumes the years you enter count for access; the estimated amount refers to the Portuguese share.
DISCLAIMER
An informational estimate of the general Social Security regime, with 2026–2027 values (normal age of 66y9m in 2026 and 66y11m in 2027; IAS of €537.13; sustainability factor of 0.8237). For years after 2027 the age has not been set — we use the latest known value, which will tend to rise. The real reference earnings use your whole revalued career and anyone registered before 2002 has a blended formula (P1/P2); here we simplify to the average salary entered and full calendar years, with continuous contributions until retirement. It does not cover the CGA, unified pensions, special early-access regimes, deferral bonuses, supplements or income-tax withholding — the amount is gross. Check the official simulator on Segurança Social Direta. Not financial advice.